{"id":19758,"date":"2026-11-05T19:53:26","date_gmt":"2026-11-05T19:53:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/arthur-morgan\/"},"modified":"2026-11-05T22:29:31","modified_gmt":"2026-11-05T22:29:31","slug":"arthur-morgan","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/arthur-morgan\/","title":{"rendered":"Arthur Morgan"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.kb-row-layout-wrap.wp-block-kadence-rowlayout.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a{margin-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-lg, 3rem);}.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-column-wrap{align-content:start;}:where(.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-column-wrap) > .wp-block-kadence-column{justify-content:start;}.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-column-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a{border-top-left-radius:14px;border-top-right-radius:14px;border-bottom-right-radius:14px;border-bottom-left-radius:14px;overflow:clip;isolation:isolate;}.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-layout-overlay{border-top-left-radius:14px;border-top-right-radius:14px;border-bottom-right-radius:14px;border-bottom-left-radius:14px;}.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a{background-color:var(--theme-palette-color-11);}.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-layout-overlay{opacity:0.30;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-column-wrap{grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kb-row-layout-idhof13-a > .kt-row-column-wrap{padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-md, 2rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);grid-template-columns:minmax(0, 1fr);}}<\/style><div class=\"kb-row-layout-wrap kb-row-layout-idhof13-a alignnone kt-row-has-bg wp-block-kadence-rowlayout\"><div class=\"kt-row-column-wrap kt-has-1-columns kt-row-layout-equal kt-tab-layout-row kt-mobile-layout-row kt-row-valign-top\">\n<style>.kadence-columnhof13-b > .kt-inside-inner-col{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-sm, 1rem);}.kadence-columnhof13-b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;}.kadence-columnhof13-b > .kt-inside-inner-col > .aligncenter{width:100%;}.kadence-columnhof13-b > .kt-inside-inner-col:before{opacity:0.3;}.kadence-columnhof13-b{position:relative;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kadence-columnhof13-b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kadence-columnhof13-b > .kt-inside-inner-col{flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-column kadence-columnhof13-b\"><div class=\"kt-inside-inner-col\">\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Biblioth\u00e8que de ressources \u00b7 Histoire<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color\">Arthur Morgan<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-8-color has-text-color has-lead-font-size wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-bottom:0\">Panth\u00e9on du CLT \u00b7 1878\u20131975<\/p>\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n<\/div><\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-7309abb9 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:32%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full is-resized has-custom-border\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"211\" height=\"264\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Arthur-E-Morgan-edited-1.jpg\" alt=\"Arthur Morgan\" class=\"wp-image-20065\" style=\"border-radius:10px;box-shadow:0 2px 8px rgba(15,23,42,.14);width:100%;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-palette-color-6-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-ec1fee5d wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-radius:10px;margin-top:24px;padding-top:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:0;font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.313), 18px);\">En bref<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Vie<\/strong><br>1878\u20131975<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Connu pour<\/strong><br>Ing\u00e9nieur, pr\u00e9sident d&rsquo;Antioch College, copr\u00e9sident de la Tennessee Valley Authority et auteur de <em>*The Small Community<\/em> * (1942).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\"><strong>Dans l\u2019histoire des CLT<\/strong><br>Des communaut\u00e9s planifi\u00e9es ont \u00e9t\u00e9 construites sur des terrains lou\u00e9s \u00e0 Norris, dans le Tennessee, et la communaut\u00e9 de Celo en Caroline du Nord.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:68%\">\n<p class=\"has-lead-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Arthur Ernest Morgan \u00e9tait ing\u00e9nieur civil, enseignant \u00e0 l&rsquo;universit\u00e9 et philosophe social.  Apr\u00e8s une brillante carri\u00e8re dans la conception de barrages de protection contre les inondations dans le Midwest, il occupa pendant seize ans le poste de pr\u00e9sident de l\u2019Antioch College \u00e0 Yellow Springs, dans l\u2019Ohio. En 1933, il fut nomm\u00e9 par le pr\u00e9sident Franklin Roosevelt comme l\u2019un des trois copr\u00e9sidents de la Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA).  \u00c0 la t\u00eate de la TVA, Morgan saisit l\u2019occasion de concr\u00e9tiser sa vision d\u2019une communaut\u00e9 id\u00e9ale, un r\u00eave utopique influenc\u00e9 par les \u00e9crits d\u2019Edward Bellamy et par sa connaissance des \u00ab Garden Cities \u00bb d\u2019Angleterre ainsi que de la colonie \u00e0 imp\u00f4t unique de Fairhope, en Alabama (o\u00f9 son fils a\u00een\u00e9 avait fr\u00e9quent\u00e9 la School of Organic Education).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Il a supervis\u00e9 la construction de Norris, dans le Tennessee, une cit\u00e9 planifi\u00e9e destin\u00e9e \u00e0 accueillir les ouvriers qui construisaient le premier barrage de la TVA. Les terrains de Norris appartenaient \u00e0 la TVA et \u00e9taient lou\u00e9s en vue d\u2019un am\u00e9nagement r\u00e9sidentiel et commercial. En 1938, Morgan a tent\u00e9 une deuxi\u00e8me fois de cr\u00e9er une cit\u00e9 planifi\u00e9e sur des terrains lou\u00e9s.  Gr\u00e2ce \u00e0 des fonds fournis par un philanthrope de Chicago, il acquit 1 200 acres au nord d\u2019Ashville, en Caroline du Nord, cr\u00e9a une association \u00e0 but non lucratif charg\u00e9e de g\u00e9rer ces terrains et d\u00e9veloppa une implantation sur des terrains lou\u00e9s qu\u2019il baptisa \u00ab <i>Celo Community<\/i> \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">De retour \u00e0 Yellow Springs, il fonda en 1940 la soci\u00e9t\u00e9 Community Service Inc. (qui porte aujourd\u2019hui le nom d\u2019Arthur Morgan Institute for Community Solutions) afin de promouvoir ses id\u00e9es en mati\u00e8re de d\u00e9veloppement \u00e9conomique et d\u2019am\u00e9lioration sociale, ax\u00e9es sur les petites entreprises, les petites villes et la vie familiale.  C&rsquo;est en 1942 qu&rsquo;il publia le plus influent de ses vingt ouvrages, <i>*The Small Community<\/i>*. Un cours par correspondance inspir\u00e9 de son livre et un bulletin d&rsquo;information diffus\u00e9 \u00e0 l&rsquo;\u00e9chelle nationale, publi\u00e9s par Community Service Inc. pendant trois d\u00e9cennies, contribu\u00e8rent \u00e0 faire conna\u00eetre la philosophie d\u00e9centralisatrice de Morgan \u00e0 un large public.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-palette-color-6-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3493ed78 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-radius:10px;margin-top:48px;padding-top:28px;padding-right:28px;padding-bottom:28px;padding-left:28px\">\n<h2 id=\"further-reading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:0\">Pour aller plus loin<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">George L. Hicks, <em>Experimental Americans : Celo and Utopian Community in the Twentieth Century<\/em> (Urbana : University of Illinois Press, 2001).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Thomas K. McCraw, <em>Morgan contre Lilienthal : la querelle au sein de la TVA<\/em> (Loyola University Press, 1970).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Arthur E. Morgan, <em>*The Small Community*<\/em> (Yellow Springs, Ohio : Community Services, 1942).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Arthur E. Morgan, \u00ab <em>Dams and Other Disasters : A Century of the Army Corps of Engineers in Civil Works<\/em> \u00bb (Boston : Sargent, 1971).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Roy Talbert, Jr., <em>L\u2019utopiste de FDR : Arthur Morgan de la TVA<\/em> (University of Mississippi Press, 1987).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-35719fbe wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:48px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-13-color has-text-color has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Membre pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/albert-j-mcknight\/\">\u2190 Albert J. McKnight<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-palette-color-13-color has-text-color has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Membre suivant<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" id=\"block-39\" style=\"margin-top:0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/shirley-sherrod\/\">Shirley Sherrod \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-palette-color-5-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-palette-color-5-background-color has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:24px;margin-bottom:40px\"\/>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u00c9galement intronis\u00e9 au Panth\u00e9on du CLT<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-layout-grid wp-container-core-group-is-layout-8454dd60 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.kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box19631_rel1\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/ebenezer-howard\/\" aria-label=\"Ebenezer Howard\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-intrisic kt-info-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Ebenezer-Howard-212x300-1-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"212\" height=\"265\" class=\"kt-info-box-image wp-image-19642\"\/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Ebenezer Howard<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">1850-1928<\/p><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-info-box19631_rel2{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box19631_rel2{height:auto;align-self:stretch;}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid 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.kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:12px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-infobox-textcontent h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);font-size:18px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.wp-block-kadence-infobox.kt-info-box19631_rel2 .kt-blocks-info-box-text{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;}.kt-info-box19631_rel2 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class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-intrisic kt-info-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Swann-edited.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"346\" height=\"433\" class=\"kt-info-box-image wp-image-19653\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Swann-edited.jpg 346w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Swann-edited-240x300.jpg 240w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 346px) 100vw, 346px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Bob Swann<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">1918-2003<\/p><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-info-box19631_rel3{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box19631_rel3{height:auto;align-self:stretch;}.kt-info-box19631_rel3 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box19631_rel3 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box19631_rel3 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:16px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box19631_rel3 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid 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.kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box19631_rel3\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-center\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/henry-george\/\" aria-label=\"Henry George\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-intrisic kt-info-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Henry-George-209x300-1-edited-1.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"204\" height=\"255\" class=\"kt-info-box-image wp-image-20062\"\/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Henry George<\/h3><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">1839-1897<\/p><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:32px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--2\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/pantheon-du-clt\/\">Tous les membres du Panth\u00e9on du CLT<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Biblioth\u00e8que de ressources \u00b7 Histoire Arthur Morgan Panth\u00e9on du CLT \u00b7 1878\u20131975 En bref Vie1878\u20131975 Connu pourIng\u00e9nieur, pr\u00e9sident d&rsquo;Antioch College, copr\u00e9sident de la Tennessee Valley Authority et auteur de *The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19760,"parent":19683,"menu_order":12,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19758","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- 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