{"id":20917,"date":"2026-11-06T13:58:44","date_gmt":"2026-11-06T13:58:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/"},"modified":"2026-11-08T15:24:37","modified_gmt":"2026-11-08T15:24:37","slug":"les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/","title":{"rendered":"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<div class=\"wp-block-group clt-ph is-layout-flow wp-block-group-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"clt-ph-label wp-block-paragraph\">Le Guide du jardinier \u00b7 Partie 1 \u00b7 Chapitre 4 sur 4<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading clt-ph-title\">Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl<\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"clt-ph-desc wp-block-paragraph\">En 1968, huit Am\u00e9ricains se sont rendus en Isra\u00ebl pour \u00e9tudier des coop\u00e9ratives sur terres lou\u00e9es, dans l\u2019espoir d\u2019aider les agriculteurs noirs chass\u00e9s de leurs terres dans le Sud rural.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"clt-ph-facts wp-block-paragraph\">Par John Emmeus Davis \u00b7 Illustrations de Bonnie Acker \u00b7 2014<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af261d2571d6&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af261d2571d6\" class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-medium is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"240\" height=\"300\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel-240x300.jpg\" alt=\"Illustration : Les coop&#xE9;ratives agricoles en Isra&#xEB;l\" class=\"wp-image-21043\" style=\"width:239px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel-240x300.jpg 240w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel-818x1024.jpg 818w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel-768x962.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg 844w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 240px) 100vw, 240px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><figcaption class=\"wp-element-caption\">Illustration de Bonnie Acker \u00a9 2014<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">En juin 1968, huit personnes originaires des \u00c9tats-Unis se sont rendues en Isra\u00ebl dans le but d&rsquo;\u00e9tudier les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles sur des terres lou\u00e9es. Ils esp\u00e9raient que quelque chose de similaire pourrait \u00eatre appliqu\u00e9 dans les r\u00e9gions rurales du Sud afin d&rsquo;am\u00e9liorer la situation des m\u00e9tayers, locataires et fermiers afro-am\u00e9ricains appauvris qui \u00e9taient contraints de quitter leurs terres, cons\u00e9quence \u00e9conomique de la m\u00e9canisation de l&rsquo;agriculture ou cons\u00e9quence politique de leur participation \u00e0 la lutte pour les droits civiques dans le Sud.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La d\u00e9l\u00e9gation am\u00e9ricaine \u00e9tait compos\u00e9e de<\/p>\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af261d257d86&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af261d257d86\" class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-medium is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"224\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Israel-1968-Slater-King-Bob-Swann-Marion-King-Fay-Bennett-300x224.jpg\" alt=\"Isra&#xEB;l 1968 &#x2013; Slater King, Bob Swann, Marion King, Fay Bennett\" class=\"wp-image-20591\" style=\"width:300px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Israel-1968-Slater-King-Bob-Swann-Marion-King-Fay-Bennett-300x224.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Israel-1968-Slater-King-Bob-Swann-Marion-King-Fay-Bennett-768x574.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Israel-1968-Slater-King-Bob-Swann-Marion-King-Fay-Bennett.jpg 935w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Slater King, homme d&rsquo;affaires local et leader des droits civiques d&rsquo;Albany, en G\u00e9orgie ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Marion King, l&rsquo;\u00e9pouse de Slater, qui avait \u00e9t\u00e9 l&rsquo;une des premi\u00e8res Afro-Am\u00e9ricaines \u00e0 s&rsquo;inscrire sur les listes \u00e9lectorales alors que le mouvement des droits civiques d&rsquo;Albany prenait de l&rsquo;ampleur au d\u00e9but des ann\u00e9es 1960 ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bob Swann, directeur de terrain aux \u00c9tats-Unis pour l&rsquo;International Independence Institute dans le Massachusetts ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Fay Bennett, directrice ex\u00e9cutive du National Sharecroppers Fund, une organisation de d\u00e9fense \u00e0 but non lucratif cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 1937 pour faire conna\u00eetre le sort des m\u00e9tayers et des fermiers locataires et pour faire pression en faveur d&rsquo;une l\u00e9gislation protectrice, de services sociaux et d&rsquo;opportunit\u00e9s \u00e9conomiques pour ces travailleurs agricoles ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Leonard Smith, un coll\u00e8gue de Fay Bennett au National Sharecroppers Fund ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Lewis Black, membre du conseil d&rsquo;administration de la Southwest Alabama Farmers&rsquo; Cooperative Association ;<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Albert Turner, directeur de terrain pour la Southern Conference Leadership Conference en Alabama ; et<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Charles Sherrod, fondateur et ancien organisateur du Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (Comit\u00e9 de coordination des \u00e9tudiants non violents), qui venait de rentrer en G\u00e9orgie apr\u00e8s avoir obtenu un doctorat en th\u00e9ologie \u00e0 l&rsquo;Union Theological Seminary (S\u00e9minaire th\u00e9ologique de l&rsquo;Union).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af261d258922&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af261d258922\" class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"232\" height=\"300\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Jewish-National-Fund-logo-232x300.jpg\" alt=\"Logo du Fonds national juif\" class=\"wp-image-20592\" style=\"width:232px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Jewish-National-Fund-logo-232x300.jpg 232w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Jewish-National-Fund-logo-792x1024.jpg 792w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Jewish-National-Fund-logo-768x993.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Jewish-National-Fund-logo.jpg 928w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 232px) 100vw, 232px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af261d259132&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af261d259132\" class=\"wp-block-image alignright size-medium is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"200\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Desert-agriculture-in-Israel-300x200.jpg\" alt=\"L'agriculture dans le d&#xE9;sert en Isra&#xEB;l\" class=\"wp-image-20593\" style=\"width:300px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Desert-agriculture-in-Israel-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Desert-agriculture-in-Israel-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Desert-agriculture-in-Israel.jpg 900w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Ce qui a attir\u00e9 ces huit militants en Isra\u00ebl, c&rsquo;est la possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;en savoir plus sur les <em>kibboutzim<\/em> et <em>les moshavim<\/em> du pays, des communaut\u00e9s agricoles planifi\u00e9es qui g\u00e9raient des entreprises coop\u00e9ratives sur des terres lou\u00e9es au Fonds national juif (JNF). Fond\u00e9 en 1901 par des sionistes influenc\u00e9s par les \u00e9crits d\u2019Henry George, le JNF a acquis des terres en Palestine ottomane (qui deviendra plus tard Isra\u00ebl) et les a ensuite mises \u00e0 disposition pour la colonisation et le d\u00e9veloppement juifs par le biais de baux fonciers de 99 ans. D\u00e8s le d\u00e9but, sa politique consistait \u00e0 agir \u00ab en tant que fiduciaire du peuple juif pour la terre \u00bb, selon les termes de la charte du JNF, ce qui signifiait ne vendre pratiquement jamais aucun de ses biens fonciers. Ce principe a ensuite \u00e9t\u00e9 inscrit dans la Loi fondamentale du nouveau pays, stipulant que \u00ab<em>\u00ab La propri\u00e9t\u00e9 des terres d\u2019Isra\u00ebl [\u2026] ne pourra \u00eatre c\u00e9d\u00e9e ni par vente ni de quelque autre mani\u00e8re que ce soit. \u00bb <\/em>La location <em>\u00e0 long terme <\/em>\u00e9tait autoris\u00e9e ; la vente ne l\u2019\u00e9tait pas.<em> <\/em><\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">La possibilit\u00e9 d&rsquo;\u00e9tudier ce syst\u00e8me sophistiqu\u00e9 de location de terres \u00e0 grande \u00e9chelle \u00e9tait l&rsquo;une des raisons du voyage des Am\u00e9ricains en Isra\u00ebl en 1968. M\u00eame s&rsquo;ils ont \u00e9t\u00e9 inspir\u00e9s par les villages Gramdan de l&rsquo;Inde, au point de parler de cr\u00e9er un \u00ab\u00a0mouvement Gramdan en Am\u00e9rique\u00a0\u00bb, les coutumes, les lois et l&rsquo;\u00e9conomie entourant la location de terres en Isra\u00ebl semblaient mieux adapt\u00e9es aux \u00c9tats-Unis.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le deuxi\u00e8me attrait \u00e9tait la r\u00e9ussite d&rsquo;Isra\u00ebl, depuis des d\u00e9cennies, dans le domaine du d\u00e9veloppement rural \u00e0 l&rsquo;aide de communaut\u00e9s exp\u00e9rimentales et de coop\u00e9ratives agricoles. Le mod\u00e8le que les Am\u00e9ricains ont trouv\u00e9 le plus attrayant, au cours de leur s\u00e9jour d&rsquo;un mois en Isra\u00ebl, \u00e9tait le <em>moshav<\/em>. Ils pensaient que l&rsquo;approche plus collectiviste de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9, des profits et de l&rsquo;\u00e9ducation des enfants qui caract\u00e9risait le <em>kibboutz<\/em> serait inacceptable pour les Afro-Am\u00e9ricains de la G\u00e9orgie rurale. Dans un <em>moshav<\/em>, en revanche, l&rsquo;achat, la vente et la majeure partie de la production se font en coop\u00e9ration, mais chaque famille a son propre bail et d\u00e9tient le titre de propri\u00e9t\u00e9 de sa propre maison.<\/p>\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af261d259c0b&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af261d259c0b\" class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-full is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"600\" height=\"449\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-1939-1945.jpg\" alt=\"Nahalal, 1939-1945\" class=\"wp-image-21045\" style=\"width:311px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-1939-1945.jpg 600w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-1939-1945-300x225.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n<figure data-wp-context=\"{&quot;imageId&quot;:&quot;6af261d25a3d6&quot;}\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/image\" data-wp-key=\"6af261d25a3d6\" class=\"wp-block-image alignleft size-medium is-resized wp-lightbox-container\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"300\" height=\"296\" data-wp-class--hide=\"state.isContentHidden\" data-wp-class--show=\"state.isContentVisible\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\" data-wp-on--load=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" data-wp-on--pointerdown=\"actions.preloadImage\" data-wp-on--pointerenter=\"actions.preloadImageWithDelay\" data-wp-on--pointerleave=\"actions.cancelPreload\" data-wp-on-window--resize=\"callbacks.setButtonStyles\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-today-300x296.jpg\" alt=\"Nahalal aujourd'hui\" class=\"wp-image-20594\" style=\"width:300px;height:auto\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-today-300x296.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-today-1024x1012.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-today-768x759.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Nahalal-today.jpg 1107w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><button\n\t\t\tclass=\"lightbox-trigger\"\n\t\t\ttype=\"button\"\n\t\t\taria-haspopup=\"dialog\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-bind--aria-label=\"state.thisImage.triggerButtonAriaLabel\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-init=\"callbacks.initTriggerButton\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-on--click=\"actions.showLightbox\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--right=\"state.thisImage.buttonRight\"\n\t\t\tdata-wp-style--top=\"state.thisImage.buttonTop\"\n\t\t>\n\t\t\t<svg xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\" width=\"12\" height=\"12\" fill=\"none\" viewBox=\"0 0 12 12\">\n\t\t\t\t<path fill=\"#fff\" d=\"M2 0a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v2h1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 1 .5-.5h2V0H2Zm2 10.5H2a.5.5 0 0 1-.5-.5V8H0v2a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h2v-1.5ZM8 12v-1.5h2a.5.5 0 0 0 .5-.5V8H12v2a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H8Zm2-12a2 2 0 0 1 2 2v2h-1.5V2a.5.5 0 0 0-.5-.5H8V0h2Z\" \/>\n\t\t\t<\/svg>\n\t\t<\/button><\/figure>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Le premier <em>moshav<\/em>, Nahalal, a \u00e9t\u00e9 fond\u00e9 dans le nord d\u2019Isra\u00ebl en 1921. Le plan d\u2019am\u00e9nagement du territoire de Nahalal, con\u00e7u par l\u2019architecte Richard Kauffmann, a servi de mod\u00e8le \u00e0 de nombreux <em>moshavim<\/em> cr\u00e9\u00e9s avant 1948. Il repose sur un agencement en cercles concentriques, avec les b\u00e2timents publics (\u00e9cole, bureaux administratifs et culturels, magasins coop\u00e9ratifs et entrep\u00f4ts) au centre, les habitations dans le cercle le plus int\u00e9rieur, les b\u00e2timents agricoles dans le cercle suivant, et au-del\u00e0, des cercles de plus en plus larges de jardins et de champs. En 1986, on comptait environ 156 700 Isra\u00e9liens vivant dans 448 <em>moshavim<\/em>.<\/p>\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\">Lorsque la d\u00e9l\u00e9gation am\u00e9ricaine est rentr\u00e9e aux \u00c9tats-Unis, c&rsquo;\u00e9tait le <em>moshav<\/em>  mod\u00e8le qu\u2019ils ont recommand\u00e9 \u00e0 leurs amis et coll\u00e8gues d\u2019adopter. La combinaison de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 communautaire des terres, de la propri\u00e9t\u00e9 individuelle des logements et de l\u2019organisation coop\u00e9rative d\u2019entreprises g\u00e9n\u00e9ratrices de revenus leur semblait la formule id\u00e9ale pour le d\u00e9veloppement communautaire qu\u2019ils esp\u00e9raient mener \u00e0 bien et pour la population d\u00e9munie qu\u2019ils esp\u00e9raient aider. Un an plus tard, \u00e0 l\u2019issue d\u2019un processus de planification participative men\u00e9 par les hommes et les femmes qui s\u2019\u00e9taient rendus en Isra\u00ebl, les statuts de New Communities Inc. ont \u00e9t\u00e9 d\u00e9pos\u00e9s ; il s\u2019agissait d\u2019une \u00ab soci\u00e9t\u00e9 \u00e0 but non lucratif destin\u00e9e \u00e0 d\u00e9tenir des terres en fiducie perp\u00e9tuelle pour l\u2019usage permanent des communaut\u00e9s rurales \u00bb.<\/p>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group has-palette-color-6-background-color has-background is-layout-constrained wp-container-core-group-is-layout-3493ed78 wp-block-group-is-layout-constrained\" style=\"border-radius:10px;margin-top:48px;padding-top:28px;padding-right:28px;padding-bottom:28px;padding-left:28px\">\n<h2 id=\"h-further-reading\" class=\"wp-block-heading\" style=\"margin-top:0\">Lectures compl\u00e9mentaires<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"168\" height=\"180\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/Commerorative-moshav-stamp.jpg\" alt=\"Timbre comm&#xE9;moratif du moshav\" class=\"wp-image-20595\" style=\"width:168px;height:auto\"\/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li>Elaine Baldwin, \u00ab <em>Diff\u00e9renciation et coop\u00e9ration dans un moshav isra\u00e9lien de v\u00e9t\u00e9rans \u00bb ( <\/em>Manchester University Press, 1972).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>International Independence Institute, \u00ab Une exp\u00e9rience : Organizing New Communities, Inc. \u00bb, chapitre trois de <em>*The Community Land Trust : A Guide to a New Model for Land Tenure in America* ( <\/em>Cambridge, MA : Center for Community Economic Development, 1972).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Bob Swann, \u00ab<a href=\"https:\/\/centerforneweconomics.org\/publications\/peace-civil-rights-and-the-search-for-community-an-autobiography\/\">New Communities \u2014 5 000 acres et un million de dollars<\/a> \u00bb, chapitre 20 de <a href=\"http:\/\/www.centerforneweconomics.org\/publications\/peace-civil-rights-and-search-community-autobiography\"><em>Paix, droits civiques et qu\u00eate de communaut\u00e9 : une autobiographie<\/em><\/a> (Great Barrington, MA : Schumacher Society for a New Economics, 2001).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>S. Ilan Troen, <em>Imaginer Sion : r\u00eaves, projets et r\u00e9alit\u00e9s au cours d\u2019un si\u00e8cle de colonisation juive<\/em> (Yale University Press, 2003).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>Harry Viteles, <em>Histoire du mouvement coop\u00e9ratif en Isra\u00ebl<\/em> (Vallentine Mitchell &amp; Company Ltd, 1968).<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li>D. Weintraub, M. Lissak, Y. Azmon, S. N. Eisenstadt, <em>Moshava, kibboutz et moshav : mod\u00e8les de peuplement rural et de d\u00e9veloppement juifs en Palestine<\/em> (Cornell University Press, 1969).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 id=\"h-external-links\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Liens externes<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul id=\"block-59\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/www.jnf.org\">Fonds national juif<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Moshav\">Article Wikip\u00e9dia sur le moshav<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Nahalal\">Article Wikip\u00e9dia consacr\u00e9 \u00e0 Nahalal<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<div id=\"themify_builder_content-35\" data-postid=\"35\" class=\"themify_builder_content themify_builder_content-35 themify_builder\">\n    <\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-not-stacked-on-mobile is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-35719fbe wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:48px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-palette-color-13-color has-text-color has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Pr\u00e9c\u00e9dent<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-villages-gramdan-en-inde\/\">\u2190 Villages de Gramdan en Inde<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right has-palette-color-13-color has-text-color has-small-font-size wp-block-paragraph\">Suivant<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-right wp-block-paragraph\" style=\"margin-top:0\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/pionniers-nationaux\/\">Pionniers nationaux \u2192<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<hr class=\"wp-block-separator has-text-color has-palette-color-5-color has-alpha-channel-opacity has-palette-color-5-background-color has-background is-style-wide\" style=\"margin-top:24px;margin-bottom:40px\"\/>\n\n<h2 id=\"h-more-from-international-precursors\" class=\"wp-block-heading\">Plus d&rsquo;informations sur International Precursors<\/h2>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group gg-tiles is-layout-grid wp-container-core-group-is-layout-080b9d9d wp-block-group-is-layout-grid\"><style>.kt-info-box20764_t0{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box20764_t0{height:auto;align-self:stretch;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:16px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);}.kt-info-box20764_t0.wp-block-kadence-infobox{max-width:100%;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container .kadence-info-box-image-intrisic{padding-bottom:118.1102%;width:254px;height:0px;max-width:100%;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:12px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-infobox-textcontent h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);font-size:18px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.wp-block-kadence-infobox.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-text{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}.kt-info-box20764_t0 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box20764_t0\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-left\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/cereales-anciennes\/\" aria-label=\"Ancient Grains\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-intrisic kt-info-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/BAcker-Ancient-Grains-254x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"254\" height=\"300\" class=\"kt-info-box-image wp-image-21032\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/BAcker-Ancient-Grains-254x300.jpg 254w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/BAcker-Ancient-Grains-868x1024.jpg 868w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/BAcker-Ancient-Grains-768x906.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/BAcker-Ancient-Grains-1302x1536.jpg 1302w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/BAcker-Ancient-Grains.jpg 1420w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 254px) 100vw, 254px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">C\u00e9r\u00e9ales anciennes<\/h3><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-info-box20764_t1{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box20764_t1{height:auto;align-self:stretch;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:16px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);}.kt-info-box20764_t1.wp-block-kadence-infobox{max-width:100%;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container .kadence-info-box-image-intrisic{padding-bottom:102.0408%;width:294px;height:0px;max-width:100%;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:12px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-infobox-textcontent h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);font-size:18px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.wp-block-kadence-infobox.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-text{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}.kt-info-box20764_t1 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box20764_t1\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-left\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cites-jardins-en-angleterre\/\" aria-label=\"Garden Cities in England\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-intrisic kt-info-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Garden-Cities-294x300.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"294\" height=\"300\" class=\"kt-info-box-image wp-image-21037\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Garden-Cities-294x300.jpg 294w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Garden-Cities-1002x1024.jpg 1002w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Garden-Cities-768x785.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Garden-Cities-1504x1536.jpg 1504w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Garden-Cities.jpg 1627w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 294px) 100vw, 294px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Les cit\u00e9s-jardins en Angleterre<\/h3><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n\n\n<style>.kt-info-box20764_t2{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box20764_t2{height:auto;align-self:stretch;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{height:100%;}.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;border-top-left-radius:10px;border-top-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-right-radius:10px;border-bottom-left-radius:10px;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);padding-top:10px;padding-right:10px;padding-bottom:16px;padding-left:10px;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;background:var(--theme-palette-color-8);}.kt-info-box20764_t2.wp-block-kadence-infobox{max-width:100%;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container .kadence-info-box-image-intrisic{padding-bottom:89.3333%;width:300px;height:0px;max-width:100%;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-radius:6px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-media-container{margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:12px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-infobox-textcontent h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);font-size:18px;padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:2px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover h3.kt-blocks-info-box-title{color:var(--theme-palette-color-4);}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-infobox-textcontent .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.wp-block-kadence-infobox.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-text{font-size:14px;line-height:1.5;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover .kt-blocks-info-box-text{color:var(--theme-palette-color-13);}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 2px 8px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.14);}.kt-info-box20764_t2 .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap:hover{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;box-shadow:0px 12px 24px 0px rgba(15, 23, 42, 0.3);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box20764_t2\"><a class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-top kt-info-halign-left\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-villages-gramdan-en-inde\/\" aria-label=\"Gramdan Villages in India\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic-container\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-intrisic kt-info-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-image-inner-intrisic\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Gramdan-Villages-300x268.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"268\" class=\"kt-info-box-image wp-image-21040\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Gramdan-Villages-300x268.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Gramdan-Villages-768x687.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Gramdan-Villages.jpg 1021w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h3 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">Les villages Gramdan en Inde<\/h3><\/div><\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-buttons is-layout-flex wp-block-buttons-is-layout-flex\" style=\"margin-top:32px\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-button is-style-outline is-style-outline--1\"><a class=\"wp-block-button__link wp-element-button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/\">Retour aux origines du mouvement CLT<\/a><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Le Guide du jardinier \u00b7 Partie 1 \u00b7 Chapitre 4 sur 4 Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl En 1968, huit Am\u00e9ricains se sont rendus en Isra\u00ebl pour \u00e9tudier des coop\u00e9ratives [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":21434,"parent":20894,"menu_order":4,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-20917","page","type-page","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v28.8 (Yoast SEO v28.8) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl - Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"fr_FR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Le Guide du jardinier \u00b7 Partie 1 \u00b7 Chapitre 4 sur 4 Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl En 1968, huit Am\u00e9ricains se sont rendus en Isra\u00ebl pour \u00e9tudier des coop\u00e9ratives [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cltcenter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2026-11-08T15:24:37+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"844\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"1057\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Center4CLTs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"7 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/\",\"name\":\"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl - Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2026-11-06T13:58:44+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2026-11-08T15:24:37+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg\",\"width\":844,\"height\":1057,\"caption\":\"LES COOP\u00c9RATIVES AGRICOLES EN ISRA\u00cbL : Photo de Bonnie Acker (c) 2014\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Accueil\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Biblioth\u00e8que de ressources\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Les racines du mouvement CLT\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"Pr\u00e9curseurs internationaux\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\\\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\\\/precurseurs-internationaux\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/\",\"name\":\"Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"CLT Center\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires\",\"alternateName\":[\"CLT Center\",\"International Center for CLTs\"],\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"fr-FR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/logo-option-2f-larger-tree-balanced.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2026\\\/11\\\/logo-option-2f-larger-tree-balanced.png\",\"width\":1876,\"height\":486,\"caption\":\"Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/fr\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/cltcenter\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Center4CLTs\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/cltcenter\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/cltcenter\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@internationalclt\"],\"description\":\"Le Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires est une organisation non gouvernementale \u00e0 but non lucratif cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 2018 afin de promouvoir et de soutenir les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires ainsi que les strat\u00e9gies similaires de d\u00e9veloppement men\u00e9 par les communaut\u00e9s sur des terrains appartenant \u00e0 celles-ci, dans tous les pays du monde.\",\"email\":\"info@communitylandtrust.net\",\"legalName\":\"Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires\",\"foundingDate\":\"2018-12-01\",\"taxID\":\"84-3858933\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"1\",\"maxValue\":\"10\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl - Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/","og_locale":"fr_FR","og_type":"article","og_title":"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl","og_description":"Le Guide du jardinier \u00b7 Partie 1 \u00b7 Chapitre 4 sur 4 Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl En 1968, huit Am\u00e9ricains se sont rendus en Isra\u00ebl pour \u00e9tudier des coop\u00e9ratives [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/","og_site_name":"Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cltcenter","article_modified_time":"2026-11-08T15:24:37+00:00","og_image":[{"width":844,"height":1057,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@Center4CLTs","twitter_misc":{"Dur\u00e9e de lecture estim\u00e9e":"7 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/","name":"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl - Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg","datePublished":"2026-11-06T13:58:44+00:00","dateModified":"2026-11-08T15:24:37+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"fr-FR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel.jpg","width":844,"height":1057,"caption":"LES COOP\u00c9RATIVES AGRICOLES EN ISRA\u00cbL : Photo de Bonnie Acker (c) 2014"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/les-cooperatives-agricoles-en-israel\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Accueil","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Biblioth\u00e8que de ressources","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Les racines du mouvement CLT","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"Pr\u00e9curseurs internationaux","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/bibliotheque-de-ressources\/les-racines-du-mouvement-clt\/precurseurs-internationaux\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"Les coop\u00e9ratives agricoles en Isra\u00ebl"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/","name":"Centre international pour les fonds fonciers communautaires","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/#organization"},"alternateName":"CLT Center","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"fr-FR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/#organization","name":"Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires","alternateName":["CLT Center","International Center for CLTs"],"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"fr-FR","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/logo-option-2f-larger-tree-balanced.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/logo-option-2f-larger-tree-balanced.png","width":1876,"height":486,"caption":"Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cltcenter","https:\/\/x.com\/Center4CLTs","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/cltcenter\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/cltcenter","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@internationalclt"],"description":"Le Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires est une organisation non gouvernementale \u00e0 but non lucratif cr\u00e9\u00e9e en 2018 afin de promouvoir et de soutenir les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires ainsi que les strat\u00e9gies similaires de d\u00e9veloppement men\u00e9 par les communaut\u00e9s sur des terrains appartenant \u00e0 celles-ci, dans tous les pays du monde.","email":"info@communitylandtrust.net","legalName":"Centre international pour les fiducies fonci\u00e8res communautaires","foundingDate":"2018-12-01","taxID":"84-3858933","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"1","maxValue":"10"}}]}},"campaignId":"","taxonomy_info":[],"featured_image_src_large":["https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/11\/PRECUSORS-Coops-in-Israel-818x1024.jpg",818,1024,true],"author_info":{"display_name":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","author_link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/author\/cltredesign_0jp0l4\/"},"comment_info":0,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20917","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=20917"}],"version-history":[{"count":7,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20917\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22725,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20917\/revisions\/22725"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/20894"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/21434"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=20917"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=20917"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=20917"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}