{"id":10150,"date":"2025-10-26T17:01:14","date_gmt":"2025-10-26T17:01:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/"},"modified":"2025-10-27T20:25:27","modified_gmt":"2025-10-27T20:25:27","slug":"india","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/","title":{"rendered":"\u00cdndia"},"content":{"rendered":"<style>.wp-block-kadence-column.kb-section-dir-horizontal > .kt-inside-inner-col > .kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{max-width:unset;}.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-left:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-top-left-radius:30px;border-top-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-right-radius:30px;border-bottom-left-radius:30px;background:#ffffff;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-xs, 1rem);}.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kadence-info-box-icon-container .kt-info-svg-icon, .kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-info-svg-icon-flip, .kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-number{font-size:50px;}.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-media{border-radius:200px;overflow:hidden;border-top-width:0px;border-right-width:0px;border-bottom-width:0px;border-left-width:0px;padding-top:20px;padding-right:20px;padding-bottom:20px;padding-left:20px;margin-top:0px;margin-right:20px;margin-bottom:0px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-media .kadence-info-box-image-intrisic img{border-radius:200px;}.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-infobox-textcontent h2.kt-blocks-info-box-title{padding-top:0px;padding-right:0px;padding-bottom:0px;padding-left:0px;margin-top:5px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-learnmore{background:transparent;border-width:0px 0px 0px 0px;padding-top:4px;padding-right:8px;padding-bottom:4px;padding-left:8px;margin-top:10px;margin-right:0px;margin-bottom:10px;margin-left:0px;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-left:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a .kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap{border-top:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-right:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-bottom:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);border-left:5px solid var(--global-palette7, #eeeeee);}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-infobox kt-info-box10143_82252e-3a\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-link-wrap info-box-link kt-blocks-info-box-media-align-left kt-info-halign-left\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media-container\"><div class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-media kt-info-media-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-container kt-info-icon-animate-none\"><div class=\"kadence-info-box-icon-inner-container\"><span class=\"kb-svg-icon-wrap kb-svg-icon-fe_aperture kt-info-svg-icon\"><svg viewBox=\"0 0 24 24\"  fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" xmlns=\"http:\/\/www.w3.org\/2000\/svg\"  aria-hidden=\"true\"><circle cx=\"12\" cy=\"12\" r=\"10\"\/><line x1=\"14.31\" y1=\"8\" x2=\"20.05\" y2=\"17.94\"\/><line x1=\"9.69\" y1=\"8\" x2=\"21.17\" y2=\"8\"\/><line x1=\"7.38\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"13.12\" y2=\"2.06\"\/><line x1=\"9.69\" y1=\"16\" x2=\"3.95\" y2=\"6.06\"\/><line x1=\"14.31\" y1=\"16\" x2=\"2.83\" y2=\"16\"\/><line x1=\"16.62\" y1=\"12\" x2=\"10.88\" y2=\"21.94\"\/><\/svg><\/span><\/div><\/div><\/div><\/div><div class=\"kt-infobox-textcontent\"><h2 class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-title\">\u00cdndia<\/h2><p class=\"kt-blocks-info-box-text\">Esta p\u00e1gina de recursos consolida a literatura acad\u00eamica principal, as an\u00e1lises de pol\u00edticas e as estruturas legais que s\u00e3o fundamentais para entender como os CLTs podem ser adaptados e implementados no contexto indiano.<\/p><\/div><\/span><\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-group is-nowrap is-layout-flex wp-container-core-group-is-layout-6c531013 wp-block-group-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-28f84493 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:20%\">\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full has-custom-border\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-Mohd-Yawar-102425.pdf\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"640\" height=\"854\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png\" alt=\"Os CLTs para a &#xCD;ndia abrangem\" class=\"wp-image-10345\" style=\"border-radius:10px;object-fit:cover\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png 640w, https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover-225x300.png 225w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 640px) 100vw, 640px\" \/><\/a><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.67%\">\n<p style=\"font-size:clamp(14px, 0.875rem + ((1vw - 3.2px) * 0.313), 18px);\">O International Center for Community Land Trusts (ICCLT) tem o prazer de anunciar o lan\u00e7amento do documento de trabalho &#8220;<em><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-Mohd-Yawar-102425.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">CLTs para a \u00cdndia? Uma explora\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo de fideicomisso comunit\u00e1rio de terras para cidades indianas <\/a><\/em>&#8220;, de Mohd Yawar. Este estudo explorat\u00f3rio, conduzido como parte da Iniciativa Community Land Trust do Sul Global do ICCLT, explora o potencial dos Community Land Trusts (CLTs) como um modelo alternativo de posse para cidades indianas que enfrentam inseguran\u00e7a generalizada de posse e deslocamento. Esse estudo fornece uma an\u00e1lise jur\u00eddica aprofundada para avaliar a aplicabilidade e a viabilidade institucional da adapta\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo CLT dentro das estruturas jur\u00eddicas e institucionais existentes na \u00cdndia. O documento tem como objetivo ser um recurso fundamental para iniciar o di\u00e1logo e divulgar os CLTs na \u00cdndia. Ao demonstrar como o modelo CLT pode ser operacionalizado, esta pesquisa visa transformar o conceito de uma ideia abstrata em uma op\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00e1tica no menu da pol\u00edtica habitacional urbana indiana.    <\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-additional-resources\">Recursos adicionais<\/h2>\n\n<p><em>Esta p\u00e1gina de recursos consolida a literatura acad\u00eamica principal, as an\u00e1lises de pol\u00edticas e as estruturas jur\u00eddicas que s\u00e3o fundamentais para entender como os CLTs podem ser adaptados e implementados no contexto indiano. Ao examinar artigos de refer\u00eancia, leis cooperativas estaduais e estudos de caso emergentes, como a cidade de Magarpatta, esta p\u00e1gina de recursos oferece uma vis\u00e3o abrangente dos fundamentos te\u00f3ricos, dos mecanismos de governan\u00e7a e dos desafios pr\u00e1ticos envolvidos na operacionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o das CLTs no din\u00e2mico cen\u00e1rio urbano da \u00cdndia.  Essa cole\u00e7\u00e3o com curadoria \u00e9 destinada a acad\u00eamicos, formuladores de pol\u00edticas, profissionais e organiza\u00e7\u00f5es de base que buscam explorar a governan\u00e7a fundi\u00e1ria baseada na comunidade como um meio para solu\u00e7\u00f5es habitacionais equitativas e de longo prazo.<\/em><\/p>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-academic-papers\">Trabalhos acad\u00eamicos<\/h3>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_e92ffb-54 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_be603e-5b\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong><em>Potencial institucional das cooperativas habitacionais para fam\u00edlias de baixa renda: O caso da \u00cdndia<\/em>, por Sukumar Ganapati<\/strong> <strong>(2001)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00edtulo: <\/strong>Potencial institucional das cooperativas habitacionais para fam\u00edlias de baixa renda: O caso da \u00cdndia  <br\/><strong>Autor: <\/strong>Sukumar Ganapati  <br\/><strong>Cita\u00e7\u00e3o\/Refer\u00eancia: <\/strong>Sukumar, G. (2001). Institutional potential of housing cooperatives for low-income households (Potencial institucional das cooperativas habitacionais para fam\u00edlias de baixa renda): O caso da \u00cdndia. <em>Habitat International<\/em>, <em>25<\/em>, 147-174<strong><br\/>Link do artigo: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www-sciencedirect-com.uaccess.univie.ac.at\/science\/article\/pii\/S0197397500000229\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www-sciencedirect-com.uaccess.univie.ac.at\/science\/article\/pii\/S0197397500000229<\/a> <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resumo: <\/strong>Analiso o potencial institucional das cooperativas habitacionais para cumprir os objetivos habitacionais das fam\u00edlias de baixa renda, usando tr\u00eas cidades indianas (Mumbai, Chennai e Nova D\u00e9lhi) como base emp\u00edrica. Proponho que h\u00e1 duas dimens\u00f5es que afetam o potencial: (i) caracter\u00edsticas organizacionais internas da cooperativa e (ii) contexto institucional externo. No n\u00edvel organizacional, embora as cooperativas tenham certos benef\u00edcios inerentes \u00e0s fam\u00edlias de baixa renda, elas enfrentam problemas de a\u00e7\u00e3o coletiva que precisam ser superados. Os benef\u00edcios potenciais variam de acordo com a forma das cooperativas. Em n\u00edvel institucional, a evolu\u00e7\u00e3o das cooperativas \u00e9 definida tanto pelo mercado imobili\u00e1rio local quanto pela estrutura institucional local. A estrutura institucional pode ajudar ou dificultar a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos benef\u00edcios potenciais em um determinado mercado imobili\u00e1rio, reduzindo ou aumentando os custos de transa\u00e7\u00e3o da forma\u00e7\u00e3o e do funcionamento das cooperativas. Na \u00cdndia, o contexto institucional nacional promoveu as cooperativas como um meio para as fam\u00edlias de baixa renda. Entretanto, essas fam\u00edlias se beneficiaram em diferentes graus nas tr\u00eas cidades. Embora as cooperativas tenham sido mais eficazes em Mumbai, elas foram menos eficazes em Chennai e Nova D\u00e9lhi. O exame comparativo traz tr\u00eas li\u00e7\u00f5es para a pol\u00edtica habitacional. A primeira li\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 que tanto o mercado imobili\u00e1rio local quanto a estrutura institucional influenciaram a forma e o funcionamento das cooperativas habitacionais. A segunda li\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 que os controles m\u00ednimos do Estado ajudam as cooperativas a desempenhar v\u00e1rias fun\u00e7\u00f5es. A terceira li\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 que o desenvolvimento de uma estrutura institucional de apoio \u00e0s cooperativas reduz os custos de transa\u00e7\u00e3o de sua forma\u00e7\u00e3o e funcionamento, o que beneficia as fam\u00edlias de baixa renda.              <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> O artigo de G. Sukumar analisa o potencial institucional das cooperativas habitacionais para atingir os objetivos das fam\u00edlias de baixa renda, usando Mumbai, Chennai e Nova D\u00e9lhi como estudos de caso. A an\u00e1lise enfatiza duas dimens\u00f5es fundamentais que afetam o sucesso das cooperativas: caracter\u00edsticas organizacionais internas e o contexto institucional externo, que inclui o mercado imobili\u00e1rio local e a estrutura regulat\u00f3ria. O estudo conclui que as cooperativas foram mais eficazes em Mumbai e menos eficazes em Chennai e Nova D\u00e9lhi. As principais li\u00e7\u00f5es destacam que controles estatais m\u00ednimos ajudam as cooperativas a desempenhar diversas fun\u00e7\u00f5es, e o desenvolvimento de estruturas institucionais de apoio reduz os custos de transa\u00e7\u00e3o de sua forma\u00e7\u00e3o e funcionamento.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essa pesquisa \u00e9 altamente relevante para a viabilidade dos Community Land Trusts (CLTs) porque a estrutura da sociedade\/cooperativa registrada \u00e9 identificada como um ve\u00edculo legal vi\u00e1vel para a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o de CLTs na \u00cdndia (Yawar, 2025). O documento identifica as Tenure Cooperative Housing Societies como a forma mais est\u00e1vel de cooperativa, oferecendo as maiores perspectivas como ferramenta de pol\u00edtica para fam\u00edlias de baixa renda. Essa forma, exemplificada pela Tenant Ownership Housing Society em Mumbai, fornece um modelo estrutural direto para o mecanismo de dupla propriedade da CLT, em que a cooperativa det\u00e9m o t\u00edtulo legal da terra e o membro tem direitos de ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o da unidade. Al\u00e9m disso, essas Tenure Co-operatives t\u00eam a capacidade intr\u00ednseca de controlar a especula\u00e7\u00e3o, limitando a capacidade de cada fam\u00edlia de vender a terra no mercado aberto e potencialmente compartilhando os lucros quando uma unidade \u00e9 vendida. Essa capacidade de institucionalizar as limita\u00e7\u00f5es do lucro especulativo \u00e9 essencial para a realiza\u00e7\u00e3o da miss\u00e3o do CLT de acessibilidade permanente. Em Mumbai, essa posse cooperativa foi adaptada com sucesso por autoridades de habita\u00e7\u00e3o p\u00fablica e ONGs para esquemas de regulariza\u00e7\u00e3o de favelas, especificamente para evitar a &#8220;venda especulativa&#8221; entre os benefici\u00e1rios de baixa renda.     <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_129dc9-ff kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_611c50-64\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong><em>Um s\u00e9culo de evolu\u00e7\u00e3o diferencial das cooperativas habitacionais em Mumbai e Chennai, de Sukumar Ganapati <\/em>(2008)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00edtulo: <\/strong>Um s\u00e9culo de evolu\u00e7\u00e3o diferencial das cooperativas habitacionais em Mumbai e Chennai  <br\/><strong>Autor: <\/strong>Sukumar Ganapati  <br\/><strong>Cita\u00e7\u00e3o\/Refer\u00eancia: <\/strong>Ganapati, S. (2008). A Century of Differential Evolution of Housing Co-operatives in Mumbai and Chennai (Um s\u00e9culo de evolu\u00e7\u00e3o diferencial das cooperativas habitacionais em Mumbai e Chennai). <em>Housing Studies<\/em>, <em>23<\/em>(3), 403-422.   <br\/><strong>Link do artigo: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02673030802029982\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1080\/02673030802029982<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resumo: <\/strong>Desde sua cria\u00e7\u00e3o no in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX, os caminhos evolutivos das cooperativas habitacionais divergiram em Mumbai e Chennai. As cooperativas habitacionais de Mumbai t\u00eam sido principalmente cooperativas de posse (ou seja, para propriedade e administra\u00e7\u00e3o coletivas). Em Chennai, elas t\u00eam sido principalmente cooperativas financeiras (ou seja, para conceder empr\u00e9stimos aos membros). Este documento faz uma an\u00e1lise institucional comparativa das duas cidades para examinar a evolu\u00e7\u00e3o divergente. O exame \u00e9 importante para informar as condi\u00e7\u00f5es institucionais que permitem o florescimento das cooperativas. Quatro aspectos institucionais s\u00e3o examinados nesse contexto: o mercado imobili\u00e1rio local, as pol\u00edticas habitacionais locais, o papel do governo estadual e as estruturas de apoio institucional \u00e0s cooperativas.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> O artigo &#8220;A Century of Differential Evolution of Housing Co-operatives in Mumbai and Chennai&#8221; (Um s\u00e9culo de evolu\u00e7\u00e3o diferenciada das cooperativas habitacionais em Mumbai e Chennai), de Sukumar Ganapati, fornece uma an\u00e1lise comparativa de como as cooperativas habitacionais evolu\u00edram de forma diferente nas antigas prov\u00edncias de Bombaim e Madras desde o in\u00edcio do s\u00e9culo XX. Em Mumbai (Maharashtra), a forma dominante tornou-se a cooperativa de posse, organizada para propriedade e gerenciamento coletivos, que ganhou import\u00e2ncia ap\u00f3s a independ\u00eancia da \u00cdndia. Essas cooperativas inclu\u00edam tipos de propriedade de inquilinos, em que a cooperativa era propriet\u00e1ria da terra e os membros alugavam suas unidades habitacionais. Em contraste, Chennai (Tamil Nadu) viu principalmente o surgimento de cooperativas financeiras, com foco na concess\u00e3o de empr\u00e9stimos para constru\u00e7\u00e3o e reparos de moradias.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Essa an\u00e1lise hist\u00f3rica \u00e9 altamente relevante para a viabilidade dos Community Land Trusts (CLTs) na \u00cdndia, pois a estrutura de sociedade\/cooperativa registrada \u00e9 identificada como um ve\u00edculo vi\u00e1vel para a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o inicial de CLTs (Yawar, 2025). O modelo da Tenant Ownership Housing Society (TOHS), predominante em Mumbai, serve como precursor legal e estrutural direto, espelhando o princ\u00edpio central do CLT de propriedade dupla: a cooperativa \u00e9 propriet\u00e1ria coletiva da terra, enquanto os membros alugam as casas. Crucialmente, o documento observa que as cooperativas em Maharashtra receberam maior autonomia operacional, j\u00e1 que o escrit\u00f3rio do Registrador adotou um papel &#8220;consultivo&#8221;. Essa autonomia \u00e9 vital porque significa que a estrutura da cooperativa pode ser adaptada de forma flex\u00edvel, permitindo que caracter\u00edsticas espec\u00edficas do CLT, como restri\u00e7\u00f5es de revenda e acordos de acessibilidade, sejam legalmente incorporadas aos estatutos da sociedade.   <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_ea3ccf-14 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_b5b2a5-38\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong><em>Magarpatta Story: Farmers Building Sustainable Cities (Agricultores construindo cidades sustent\u00e1veis<\/em>), de Amit Gupta, Sucheta Dalal, Debashis Basu e Amita Joseph (2012)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00edtulo<\/strong>: Hist\u00f3ria de Magarpatta: Agricultores construindo cidades sustent\u00e1veis  <br\/><strong>Autor:<\/strong> Satish Magar<br\/><strong>Cita\u00e7\u00e3o:<\/strong> Magar, S. (2011).<em> A hist\u00f3ria de Magarpatta: Agricultores construindo cidades sustent\u00e1veis <\/em>(Occasional Publication 31). Centro Internacional da \u00cdndia. <br\/><strong>Link do artigo: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/aws-static.iicdelhi.in\/s3fs-public\/2020-11\/163615September192011_IIC%20Occasional%20Publication%2031.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/aws-static.iicdelhi.in\/s3fs-public\/2020-11\/163615September192011_IIC%20Occasional%20Publication%2031.pdf<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong>A cria\u00e7\u00e3o da Magarpatta City em Pune ilustra a aplica\u00e7\u00e3o pr\u00e1tica da estrutura da Lei das Sociedades An\u00f4nimas para a propriedade coletiva de terras em larga escala, embora seus objetivos fundamentais sejam diferentes do modelo do CLT. O projeto teve origem quando aproximadamente 120 fam\u00edlias de agricultores, atuando como propriet\u00e1rios originais, reuniram-se para evitar que suas terras fossem adquiridas pelo governo ou por incorporadoras locais. Elas juntaram seus 430 acres de terra e formaram a Magarpatta Township Development and Construction Company Limited (MTDCCL), tornando-se acionistas proporcionais \u00e0s suas propriedades. Esse projeto foi baseado em um modelo de compartilhamento de receita criado para converter suas terras em um &#8220;produto fino de valor agregado&#8221; e proporcionar retornos perp\u00e9tuos.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A cidade de Magarpatta compartilha caracter\u00edsticas estruturais com as CLTs ao estabelecer uma forma de gest\u00e3o coletiva da terra. A MTDCCL manteve a propriedade da terra, usando o arrendamento de longo prazo para seu amplo parque de TI (Cybercity) para garantir uma fonte perp\u00e9tua de renda para os acionistas agricultores, espelhando o princ\u00edpio da CLT de manter a terra como um ativo de longo prazo. Al\u00e9m disso, a MTDCCL criou um Conselho Municipal para garantir a participa\u00e7\u00e3o dos residentes na gest\u00e3o das atividades culturais e sociais. Entretanto, a principal distin\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 a miss\u00e3o: A Magarpatta era uma empresa com fins lucrativos voltada para a maximiza\u00e7\u00e3o dos retornos. O modelo de compartilhamento de receita permitiu que os acionistas recebessem o benef\u00edcio da valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o, o que levou a um aumento de mais de 900% apenas no valor do terreno entre 2000 e 2011. Isso contrasta diretamente com a miss\u00e3o do CLT de acessibilidade permanente e desmercantiliza\u00e7\u00e3o da terra, que exige restri\u00e7\u00f5es de revenda para limitar a valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o em benef\u00edcio de futuros compradores de baixa renda.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_70fb8a-88 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_eeb2f8-02\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong><em>Cidade de Magarpatta: Investimento direto dos agricultores<\/em>, por Amit Gupta, Sucheta Dalal, Debashis Basu e Amita Joseph (2012)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00edtulo<\/strong>: Hist\u00f3ria de Magarpatta: Agricultores construindo cidades sustent\u00e1veis  <br\/><strong>Autor(es):<\/strong> Amit Gupta, Sucheta Dalal, Debashis Basu e Amita Joseph  <br\/><strong>Cita\u00e7\u00f5es:<\/strong> Gupta, A., Dalal, S., Basu, D., &amp; Joseph, A. (2012, novembro). <em>Cidade de Magarpatta: Farmers Direct Investment (FDI)<\/em> (Documento de trabalho n\u00ba 384). Instituto Indiano de Administra\u00e7\u00e3o de Bangalore.   <br\/><strong>Link do artigo: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/Delivery.cfm\/SSRN_ID2179495_code1871889.pdf?abstractid=2179495&amp;mirid=1&amp;type=2\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\"><strong>https:\/\/papers.ssrn.com\/sol3\/Delivery.cfm\/SSRN_ID2179495_code1871889.pdf?abstractid=2179495&amp;mirid=1&amp;type=2<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resumo<\/strong>: A cidade de Magarpatta abrange 430 acres de terra que pertenciam a cerca de 120 fam\u00edlias de agricultores com 800 indiv\u00edduos. Esses agricultores se uniram para formar a Magarpatta Township Development and Construction Company Limited (MTDCCL) e desenvolveram a cidade, realizando assim o sonho de converter suas terras em um produto acabado de valor agregado que lhes proporcionasse benef\u00edcios e retornos perp\u00e9tuos. Satish Magar \u00e9 o l\u00edder de fato do grupo devido a suas realiza\u00e7\u00f5es educacionais, conex\u00f5es pol\u00edticas, maior posse de terras e a confian\u00e7a que a comunidade Magar tem em sua lideran\u00e7a e capacidade de lev\u00e1-los coletivamente a um ponto em que todos se beneficiem.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Magarpatta City foi concebida como um munic\u00edpio planejado integrado com v\u00e1rias zonas comerciais, bairros residenciais, escolas, hospitais, shopping centers, hot\u00e9is, restaurantes e \u00e1reas de recrea\u00e7\u00e3o. O projeto foi concebido para ser contempor\u00e2neo com caracter\u00edsticas futuristas e incluiu um parque de TI de \u00faltima gera\u00e7\u00e3o chamado Cybercity, que ofereceu instala\u00e7\u00f5es internacionais para os principais gigantes globais de TI. O fato de ser cercado por uma vegeta\u00e7\u00e3o verdejante e um ambiente livre de polui\u00e7\u00e3o aumentou o fasc\u00ednio do munic\u00edpio. A cidade tem sua pr\u00f3pria coleta de \u00e1gua da chuva, segrega\u00e7\u00e3o de lixo e gerenciamento de res\u00edduos, usina de biog\u00e1s, vermicultura, viveiro de plantas e arranjos de aquecimento solar de \u00e1gua que criam um sistema autossustent\u00e1vel e garantem maior aprimoramento do meio ambiente. Um estilo de vida que vai do trabalho para casa e para o lazer est\u00e1 no centro de Magarpatta. Todas essas instala\u00e7\u00f5es contam com suporte completo para o funcionamento de uma nova infraestrutura de tecnologia da informa\u00e7\u00e3o de \u00faltima gera\u00e7\u00e3o, backup completo de energia, amplo estacionamento, seguran\u00e7a rigorosa e ades\u00e3o estrita \u00e0s normas de seguran\u00e7a contra inc\u00eandio.     <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>O caso descreve o processo pelo qual os agricultores passaram para converter a mat\u00e9ria-prima que possu\u00edam (terra) em um produto acabado, ou seja, o munic\u00edpio de Magarpatta. Ele ilustra as mudan\u00e7as pelas quais o setor imobili\u00e1rio est\u00e1 passando na \u00cdndia, quest\u00f5es relacionadas \u00e0 obten\u00e7\u00e3o de permiss\u00f5es do governo para um township, conceitua\u00e7\u00e3o, projeto, planejamento e constru\u00e7\u00e3o do township, marketing e financiamento do township, benef\u00edcios que o township trouxe para os agricultores, residentes, cidade de Pune, ambiente de neg\u00f3cios e desenvolvimento de uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o que possa levar adiante o processo de replica\u00e7\u00e3o do sucesso desse modelo de desenvolvimento imobili\u00e1rio. <br\/><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_379758-f7 kt-accordion-has-3-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-2 kt-pane10143_bb8e5b-64\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong><em>Policy Approaches to Affordable Housing in Urban India<\/em>, de Gautam Bhan, Geetika Anand e Swastik Harish (2014)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00edtulo: <\/strong>Abordagens de Pol\u00edticas para Habita\u00e7\u00e3o Acess\u00edvel na \u00cdndia Urbana  <br\/><strong>Autor(es):<\/strong> Equipe de pesquisa do IIHS: Gautam Bhan, Geetika Anand, Swastik Harish. Autor colaborador: Prasad Shetty.   <br\/><strong>Cita\u00e7\u00f5es: <\/strong>Bhan, G., Anand, G., Harish, S., &amp; Shetty, P. (2014). <em>Policy approaches to affordable housing in urban India: Problems and possibilities<\/em> (IIHS-RF Policy Paper Series: Urban Housing). Instituto Indiano de Assentamentos Humanos.   <br\/><strong>Link do artigo: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/iihs_rf_housing_reduced.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/iihs.co.in\/knowledge-gateway\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/08\/iihs_rf_housing_reduced.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> Esse documento, publicado em 2014, tem como objetivo abordar os desafios cr\u00edticos da pol\u00edtica que impedem o fornecimento de moradias acess\u00edveis nas cidades indianas, concentrando-se em &#8220;pr\u00e1ticas, pol\u00edticas e paradigmas realmente existentes&#8221;. A premissa central \u00e9 que nem o Estado nem o mercado podem fornecer o estoque necess\u00e1rio de moradias populares em escala. Ele aborda sistematicamente dez &#8220;din\u00e2micas&#8221; que influenciam a habita\u00e7\u00e3o urbana, abrangendo direitos legais, escassez de terras, falhas de planejamento e quest\u00f5es de financiamento. Crucialmente para o modelo do Community Land Trust (CLT), o documento aborda a &#8220;Din\u00e2mica 3: os t\u00edtulos podem gentrificar, mas as restri\u00e7\u00f5es podem distorcer&#8221;. Essa din\u00e2mica enquadra o principal desafio enfrentado por qualquer interven\u00e7\u00e3o em moradias acess\u00edveis: como garantir aos residentes de baixa renda uma posse segura sem permitir que o valor do ativo se valorize enormemente, levando \u00e0 revenda e ao subsequente deslocamento induzido pelo mercado.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Embora os termos espec\u00edficos &#8220;Community Land Trust&#8221; ou &#8220;Community Land Reserve&#8221; n\u00e3o sejam usados no texto, as solu\u00e7\u00f5es pol\u00edticas recomendadas est\u00e3o conceitualmente alinhadas com os mecanismos de acessibilidade perp\u00e9tua que definem os CLTs. O documento sugere explicitamente que a titula\u00e7\u00e3o comunit\u00e1ria ou cooperativa representa um &#8220;meio-termo&#8221; entre a propriedade individual (que corre o risco de revenda imediata a altas taxas de mercado) e o controle estatal excessivamente restritivo (que distorce o mercado). Esse modelo foi projetado para regular a troca, restringindo a venda a fam\u00edlias de status socioecon\u00f4mico semelhante, evitando efetivamente o deslocamento e mantendo a moradia acess\u00edvel para o grupo-alvo perpetuamente. Esse mecanismo, em que a comunidade det\u00e9m o direito de propriedade e restringe a valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o, reflete a fun\u00e7\u00e3o central de uma f\u00f3rmula de arrendamento e revenda de im\u00f3veis em regime CLT. O documento cita o bem-sucedido esquema Baan Mankong na Tail\u00e2ndia, observando que seus projetos de melhoria s\u00e3o estruturados em torno de arrendamentos comunit\u00e1rios precisamente para evitar o deslocamento baseado no mercado e, ao mesmo tempo, proporcionar uma posse segura.    <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, o documento aborda a necessidade fundamental de garantir o fornecimento de terras e assegurar a prote\u00e7\u00e3o legal, que s\u00e3o pr\u00e9-requisitos essenciais para o funcionamento dos CLTs. Ele rebate a alega\u00e7\u00e3o popular de escassez de terras, apontando que uma propor\u00e7\u00e3o significativa de terras ocupadas por assentamentos informais \u00e9 de propriedade p\u00fablica, muitas vezes de \u00d3rg\u00e3os Locais Urbanos (ULBs). Ele sugere a alavancagem dessas terras p\u00fablicas por meio de interven\u00e7\u00f5es como a convers\u00e3o de terras ocupadas em &#8220;alugu\u00e9is sociais&#8221;, em que o ULB atua como propriet\u00e1rio, obtendo receita e, ao mesmo tempo, proporcionando uma posse segura. Legalmente, o documento defende a institucionaliza\u00e7\u00e3o do zoneamento de inclus\u00e3o, recomendando a cria\u00e7\u00e3o de instrumentos semelhantes \u00e0 Zona Especial de Interesse Social (ZEIS) usada no Brasil. A abordagem da ZEIS usa o zoneamento para demarcar terras de interesse social e p\u00fablico, protegendo explicitamente os assentamentos informais contra despejos for\u00e7ados e garantindo que a terra permane\u00e7a acess\u00edvel para regulariza\u00e7\u00e3o e moradias de baixa renda. Ao promover pol\u00edticas obrigat\u00f3rias de reserva de terras (como as do Rajast\u00e3o), titula\u00e7\u00e3o da comunidade e prote\u00e7\u00f5es legais contra o deslocamento, o documento estabelece o ambiente pol\u00edtico necess\u00e1rio, incluindo estruturas legais, institucionais e de uso da terra,     <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_242dfb-83 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_566072-f5\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong><em>Reservas de terras comunit\u00e1rias<\/em>, por Shirish B. Patel (2015)<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>T\u00edtulo: <\/strong>Reservas de terras comunit\u00e1rias  <br\/><strong>Autor:<\/strong> Shirish B. Patel  <br\/><strong>Cita\u00e7\u00e3o\/Refer\u00eancia<\/strong>: Shirish B. Patel (2015). Community Land Reserves (Reservas de terras comunit\u00e1rias). Economic and Political Weekly, Vol. 50, No. 46-47, pp. 21-23.     <br\/><strong>Link do artigo: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cooperative-individualism.org\/patel-shirish_community-land-reserves-2015-nov.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/www.cooperative-individualism.org\/patel-shirish_community-land-reserves-2015-nov.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Resumo:<\/strong> As Reservas Comunit\u00e1rias de Terras (chamadas de Community Land Trusts nos EUA) existem em todo o mundo h\u00e1 mais de 40 anos. S\u00e3o organiza\u00e7\u00f5es sem fins lucrativos com a miss\u00e3o de fornecer moradia acess\u00edvel a grupos de baixa renda, para sempre. Algu\u00e9m inicia uma delas oferecendo uma doa\u00e7\u00e3o de um terreno. A organiza\u00e7\u00e3o, ent\u00e3o, retira essa doa\u00e7\u00e3o de terra do mercado para mant\u00ea-la em cust\u00f3dia para sempre. A propriedade da terra permanece com a organiza\u00e7\u00e3o, que n\u00e3o pode vend\u00ea-la. Parcelas individuais s\u00e3o doadas a propriet\u00e1rios que constroem nelas e possuem a constru\u00e7\u00e3o, mas n\u00e3o o terreno. Na revenda, o propriet\u00e1rio recupera o custo de sua constru\u00e7\u00e3o, ajustado ao valor atual, mas n\u00e3o a valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do terreno. Como resultado, o novo ocupante tamb\u00e9m pode obter moradia a um pre\u00e7o acess\u00edvel, pois n\u00e3o est\u00e1 sobrecarregado pelo valor do terreno. O formato de governan\u00e7a da organiza\u00e7\u00e3o e a f\u00f3rmula de revenda s\u00e3o fundamentais para o sucesso.        <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> O artigo de Patel, Community Land Reserves, \u00e9 o primeiro trabalho publicado a introduzir e adaptar o conceito de Community Land Trust para o contexto indiano. Ele prop\u00f5e o Community Land Reserves (CLRs) como um mecanismo para separar a propriedade da terra da propriedade do edif\u00edcio, garantindo que a moradia permane\u00e7a permanentemente acess\u00edvel. Nesse modelo, uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o sem fins lucrativos \u00e9 propriet\u00e1ria do terreno e o aluga aos residentes, que s\u00e3o propriet\u00e1rios das estruturas. Na revenda, os moradores recuperam apenas o custo do edif\u00edcio ajustado pela infla\u00e7\u00e3o, enquanto a valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o do terreno \u00e9 retida no fundo comunit\u00e1rio.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Patel descreve um sistema de governan\u00e7a tripartite composto por residentes, membros da comunidade e funcion\u00e1rios p\u00fablicos para garantir justi\u00e7a, participa\u00e7\u00e3o e transpar\u00eancia. Ele tamb\u00e9m explica como os CLRs podem ser registrados como empresas sem fins lucrativos da Se\u00e7\u00e3o 8 de acordo com a legisla\u00e7\u00e3o indiana, operando por meio da legisla\u00e7\u00e3o existente de habita\u00e7\u00e3o e planejamento. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Este artigo marca a primeira discuss\u00e3o te\u00f3rica e orientada por pol\u00edticas sobre os CLTs na \u00cdndia. Ele estabelece as bases para a adapta\u00e7\u00e3o dos princ\u00edpios da CLT \u00e0s estruturas jur\u00eddicas indianas e aos desafios do desenvolvimento urbano. O modelo CLR de Patel oferece um caminho pr\u00e1tico para combinar seguran\u00e7a de posse, acessibilidade e governan\u00e7a comunit\u00e1ria, tornando-o uma refer\u00eancia fundamental para qualquer discuss\u00e3o sobre CLTs na \u00cdndia.  <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h-relevant-laws\">Leis relevantes<\/h3>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_d5e49c-12 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_1c80ce-81\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>Lei das Cooperativas de Delhi<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>Links<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1Vz7gPZ2R25lmi_PZCMlF3ugez5i0ctdC\/view?usp=drive_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1Vz7gPZ2R25lmi_PZCMlF3ugez5i0ctdC\/view?usp=drive_link<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1JD4ivqNP1xobL0WTuCt0TDJh_cNJw6iq\/view?usp=drive_link\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1JD4ivqNP1xobL0WTuCt0TDJh_cNJw6iq\/view?usp=drive_link<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> A viabilidade da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de Community Land Trusts (CLTs) pode ser substancialmente analisada pelas lentes das Regras das Sociedades Cooperativas de Delhi, 2007 (Regras de Delhi). Essa estrutura legal \u00e9 particularmente relevante porque j\u00e1 institucionaliza o conceito de propriedade coletiva e estabelece mecanismos para a governan\u00e7a comunit\u00e1ria e a execu\u00e7\u00e3o financeira &#8211; todos pilares essenciais do modelo CLT. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A liga\u00e7\u00e3o cr\u00edtica para o modelo CLT encontra-se nas regras sobre as sociedades cooperativas de habita\u00e7\u00e3o. Essa classifica\u00e7\u00e3o acomoda diretamente o princ\u00edpio central da CLT de propriedade dupla e preserva\u00e7\u00e3o da terra comum. Enquanto a sociedade det\u00e9m coletivamente o t\u00edtulo da terra, garantindo que ela permane\u00e7a fora do mercado especulativo, os membros recebem direitos seguros de ocupa\u00e7\u00e3o de suas unidades habitacionais. A estrutura definida nas Regras de Delhi, que dedica o Cap\u00edtulo IX a &#8220;DISPOSI\u00c7\u00d5ES ESPECIAIS PARA SOCIEDADES DE HABITA\u00c7\u00c3O COOPERATIVA&#8221;, exige a gest\u00e3o coletiva de ativos, reparos e manuten\u00e7\u00e3o de &#8220;\u00c1reas e instala\u00e7\u00f5es comuns&#8221;, confirmando o papel da sociedade como administradora perp\u00e9tua da terra.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Para funcionar efetivamente como uma CLT que visa \u00e0 acessibilidade perp\u00e9tua, uma cooperativa deve impor controles sobre quem pode se associar e como a propriedade \u00e9 revendida. As Regras de Delhi facilitam isso por meio da exig\u00eancia de que os objetivos da sociedade e as qualifica\u00e7\u00f5es dos membros sejam aprovados pelo Registrador. Essa exig\u00eancia permite a incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o de uma F\u00f3rmula de Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o Limitada e de crit\u00e9rios de elegibilidade baseados em renda diretamente nos estatutos da cooperativa, garantindo que a filia\u00e7\u00e3o seja restrita \u00e0 popula\u00e7\u00e3o-alvo de baixa renda e que os pre\u00e7os de revenda futuros permane\u00e7am acess\u00edveis. As regras tamb\u00e9m estabelecem requisitos rigorosos com rela\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e0 desqualifica\u00e7\u00e3o de membros, proibindo aqueles que j\u00e1 possuem propriedades em Delhi, o que serve como um poderoso mecanismo anti-especula\u00e7\u00e3o vital para o ethos da CLT.   <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Al\u00e9m disso, a estrutura jur\u00eddica garante a viabilidade financeira e a aplicabilidade necess\u00e1rias para uma organiza\u00e7\u00e3o CLT duradoura. As Regras cont\u00eam mecanismos robustos para a recupera\u00e7\u00e3o de taxas, permitindo que as sociedades cooperativas habitacionais recuperem as despesas e os atrasos das taxas como &#8220;atrasos na receita da terra&#8221; por meio de um certificado concedido pelo Registrador. Esse poder espec\u00edfico de execu\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 fundamental, garantindo que o fundo de manuten\u00e7\u00e3o perp\u00e9tua para a terra e as instala\u00e7\u00f5es comuns possa ser mantido, apoiando assim a miss\u00e3o de longo prazo da CLT. Ao estruturar legalmente a propriedade coletiva e regular o interesse privado por meio de mandatos financeiros e de governan\u00e7a execut\u00e1veis, as Regras de Delhi fornecem um modelo s\u00f3lido para a implementa\u00e7\u00e3o e o aumento dos CLTs na \u00e1rea urbana de Delhi.   <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_a95d77-62 kt-accordion-has-3-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_ac414d-ee\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>Estrutura organizacional<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>Lei de Trusts da \u00cdndia, 1882: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/14a9gTRYxsHGRQOpDS7S9bzFqPdROvXlN\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/14a9gTRYxsHGRQOpDS7S9bzFqPdROvXlN\/view?usp=sharing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lei das Empresas, 2013: <\/strong><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/13QPjZo1roP8kbM71_VhrElvm0nS5R7zL\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/13QPjZo1roP8kbM71_VhrElvm0nS5R7zL\/view?usp=sharing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Lei de Registro de Sociedades, 1860:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1iMkFzFHYCkDHp7DZTvkt4WquuEAj34kk\/view?usp=sharing\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1iMkFzFHYCkDHp7DZTvkt4WquuEAj34kk\/view?usp=sharing<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> O artigo de Mohd Yawar (2025) explora o potencial para o estabelecimento de Community Land Trusts (CLTs) na \u00cdndia, utilizando as estruturas jur\u00eddicas existentes no pa\u00eds, concluindo que tr\u00eas entidades jur\u00eddicas prim\u00e1rias podem servir como estruturas organizacionais: trusts de caridade, empresas da Se\u00e7\u00e3o 8 (de acordo com a Lei das Empresas de 2013) e sociedades registradas (de acordo com a Lei de Registro de Sociedades de 1860). Com base em uma avalia\u00e7\u00e3o das exig\u00eancias democr\u00e1ticas inerentes ao modelo de CLT, a pesquisa identifica o modelo de sociedade registrada (incluindo sociedades cooperativas habitacionais) como o ve\u00edculo mais vi\u00e1vel para a implanta\u00e7\u00e3o inicial de CLTs na \u00cdndia. Essa estrutura \u00e9 altamente compat\u00edvel com a estrutura de governan\u00e7a democr\u00e1tica do CLT, permitindo a participa\u00e7\u00e3o dos membros, a autonomia e a defini\u00e7\u00e3o de regras flex\u00edveis necess\u00e1rias para projetos de base. Por outro lado, o modelo de empresa da Se\u00e7\u00e3o 8, embora ofere\u00e7a alta credibilidade institucional, \u00e9 considerado apropriado para CLTs bem estabelecidos, que operam em grande escala ou que exigem parcerias extensas com atores governamentais e internacionais   <br\/><br\/>A tabela a seguir e o resumo detalhado comparam a efic\u00e1cia do uso de um Public Charitable Trust, uma Section 8 Company ou uma Registered Society\/Cooperative como ve\u00edculo legal para estabelecer um Community Land Trust (CLT) na \u00cdndia.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-table\"><table class=\"has-fixed-layout\"><tbody><tr><td><strong>Recurso<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Fideicomisso (Indian Trusts Act, 1882)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Se\u00e7\u00e3o 8 Empresa (Lei das Empresas, 2013)<\/strong><\/td><td><strong>Sociedade registrada\/cooperativa (Societies Registration Act, 1860, e Co-operative Acts)<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Lei aplic\u00e1vel e objetivo<\/strong><\/td><td>A Lei de Trusts da \u00cdndia, de 1882, rege os trusts privados (as leis estaduais regem os trusts p\u00fablicos). Um &#8220;trust&#8221; \u00e9 uma obriga\u00e7\u00e3o anexada \u00e0 propriedade de bens, decorrente da confian\u00e7a depositada em benef\u00edcio de um &#8220;benefici\u00e1rio&#8221;. O objetivo deve ser legal.  <\/td><td>Lei das Sociedades An\u00f4nimas, 2013. Estabelecidas para fins filantr\u00f3picos ou sem fins lucrativos; a distribui\u00e7\u00e3o de lucros \u00e9 proibida e elas devem cumprir as normas estatut\u00e1rias de relat\u00f3rios. <\/td><td>Lei de Registro de Sociedades, 1860. Formada para fins liter\u00e1rios, cient\u00edficos ou de caridade, ou para a promo\u00e7\u00e3o do bem-estar geral dos membros. <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Alinhamento do n\u00facleo CLT<\/strong><\/td><td>Seguran\u00e7a jur\u00eddica moderada, mas a estrutura de governan\u00e7a entra em conflito com os princ\u00edpios democr\u00e1ticos da CLT.<\/td><td>Alta credibilidade institucional, adequada para parcerias em larga escala, mas uma estrutura de governan\u00e7a r\u00edgida e, muitas vezes, de alto n\u00edvel.<\/td><td>Mais vi\u00e1vel: Altamente flex\u00edvel, estruturalmente democr\u00e1tico e facilmente adapt\u00e1vel ao controle comunit\u00e1rio de base.<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Governan\u00e7a e democracia<\/strong><\/td><td>Alinhamento fraco. Os fiduci\u00e1rios s\u00e3o normalmente <em>nomeados<\/em> e t\u00eam um car\u00e1ter fiduci\u00e1rio. A governan\u00e7a \u00e9 hier\u00e1rquica, seguindo as orienta\u00e7\u00f5es do autor do trust. O escopo para o envolvimento democr\u00e1tico da comunidade \u00e9 limitado.   <\/td><td>Alinhamento fraco. Governada por diretores e pessoal-chave da ger\u00eancia. A estrutura corre o risco de ser distante e burocr\u00e1tica. A tomada de decis\u00f5es exige resolu\u00e7\u00f5es ordin\u00e1rias ou especiais.   <\/td><td>Forte alinhamento. Gerenciado por um corpo diretivo eleito pelos membros gerais. Altamente compat\u00edvel com o modelo participativo da CLT. A Sociedade processa ou \u00e9 processada em nome do diretor designado, conforme determinado pelas regras.   <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Perpetuidade e propriedade de terras<\/strong><\/td><td>Forte capacidade. A terra (&#8220;propriedade fiduci\u00e1ria&#8221;) \u00e9 mantida perpetuamente pelo trustee. No entanto, se houver apenas um benefici\u00e1rio competente, ele poder\u00e1 exigir que o trustee transfira a propriedade fiduci\u00e1ria para ele imediatamente, o que representa um risco fundamental para a propriedade perp\u00e9tua da terra.  <\/td><td>Forte capacidade. Voc\u00ea pode manter a terra em car\u00e1ter perp\u00e9tuo. Deve registrar detalhes de todos os encargos ou encargos flutuantes que afetam a propriedade.  <\/td><td>Forte capacidade. Pode possuir terras em seu pr\u00f3prio nome. Na dissolu\u00e7\u00e3o, nenhum membro recebe lucro, e os ativos devem ser transferidos para outra sociedade com objetivos semelhantes. Os estatutos podem exigir votos de supermaioria para dissolu\u00e7\u00e3o.   <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Flexibilidade operacional<\/strong><\/td><td>R\u00edgido. Os fiduci\u00e1rios devem aderir estritamente ao instrumento fiduci\u00e1rio. A delega\u00e7\u00e3o de fun\u00e7\u00f5es discricion\u00e1rias \u00e9 restrita. Os administradores geralmente n\u00e3o podem obter benef\u00edcios financeiros.   <\/td><td>Burocr\u00e1tico. A configura\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 processualmente intensiva, exigindo o cumprimento de regras abrangentes para demonstra\u00e7\u00f5es financeiras, auditorias e altera\u00e7\u00e3o de artigos\/memorando. <\/td><td>Alta flexibilidade. Os estatutos podem ser adaptados para incorporar os princ\u00edpios do CLT, como restri\u00e7\u00f5es de revenda e f\u00f3rmulas de valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o limitada. As sociedades podem explicitamente alterar, estender ou restringir seus objetivos.  <\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>Responsabilidade e obriga\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/td><td>Os fiduci\u00e1rios s\u00e3o pessoalmente respons\u00e1veis por compensar qualquer perda resultante de uma viola\u00e7\u00e3o do trust. A responsabilidade \u00e9 geralmente ilimitada. Os co-fiduci\u00e1rios s\u00e3o conjunta e solidariamente respons\u00e1veis se um deles permitir a viola\u00e7\u00e3o do outro.  <\/td><td>Os diretores e executivos est\u00e3o sujeitos a altas penalidades e multas por n\u00e3o conformidade. A responsabilidade geral \u00e9 limitada. Existem penalidades para fraudes.  <\/td><td>Deve manter uma contabilidade regular e passar por uma auditoria anual. O Registrador tem o poder de inspecionar os registros e apreender as contas, se necess\u00e1rio. Responsabilidade pela acumula\u00e7\u00e3o de penalidades de acordo com os estatutos.  <\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<style>.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{column-gap:var(--global-kb-gap-md, 2rem);row-gap:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;padding-top:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-right:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-bottom:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);padding-left:var(--global-kb-spacing-sm, 1.5rem);}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-top-left-radius:0px;border-top-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-right-radius:0px;border-bottom-left-radius:0px;background:#f2f2f2;color:#555555;padding-top:9px;padding-right:13px;padding-bottom:9px;padding-left:13px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#555555;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{color:#444444;background:#eeeeee;border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion--visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, body:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#eeeeee;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{color:#ffffff;background:#444444;border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basiccircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclosecircle ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrowcircle )  > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger{background:#ffffff;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:after, .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32:not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-basic ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-xclose ):not( .kt-accodion-icon-style-arrow ) .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active .kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger:before{background:#444444;}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}}@media all and (max-width: 1024px){.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}@media all and (max-width: 767px){.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap{display:block;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-inner-wrap .kt-accordion-pane:not(:first-child){margin-top:0px;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-panel-inner{border-top:0px solid transparent;border-right:0px solid transparent;border-bottom:0px solid transparent;border-left:0px solid transparent;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header{border-top:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-right:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-bottom:1px solid #f2f2f2;border-left:1px solid #f2f2f2;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header:hover, \n\t\t\t\tbody:not(.hide-focus-outline) .kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible{border-top:1px solid #878787;border-right:1px solid #878787;border-bottom:1px solid #878787;border-left:1px solid #878787;}.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 .kt-accordion-header-wrap .kt-blocks-accordion-header:focus-visible,\n\t\t\t\t.kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 > .kt-accordion-inner-wrap > .wp-block-kadence-pane > .kt-accordion-header-wrap > .kt-blocks-accordion-header.kt-accordion-panel-active{border-top:1px solid #444444;border-right:1px solid #444444;border-bottom:1px solid #444444;border-left:1px solid #444444;}}<\/style>\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-accordion alignnone\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-wrap kt-accordion-id10143_b89117-32 kt-accordion-has-2-panes kt-active-pane-0 kt-accordion-block kt-pane-header-alignment-left kt-accodion-icon-style-basic kt-accodion-icon-side-right\" style=\"max-width:none\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-inner-wrap\" data-allow-multiple-open=\"true\" data-start-open=\"none\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-kadence-pane kt-accordion-pane kt-accordion-pane-1 kt-pane10143_6a80a6-d8\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-header-wrap\"><button class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-header kt-acccordion-button-label-show\" type=\"button\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title-wrap\"><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-title\"><strong>Lei das Sociedades Cooperativas Estaduais e Lei das Sociedades Cooperativas de Maharashtra<\/strong><\/span><\/span><span class=\"kt-blocks-accordion-icon-trigger\"><\/span><\/button><\/div><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel kt-accordion-panel-hidden\"><div class=\"kt-accordion-panel-inner\">\n<p><strong>Links<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1SFz1DcsTNt6M0hre_47PLMdbvBGsXEKR\/view?usp=drive_link\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1SFz1DcsTNt6M0hre_47PLMdbvBGsXEKR\/view?usp=drive_link<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1c917fMQ1-8R-U66SqqPclsiyGM33ErVL\/view?usp=drive_link\">https:\/\/drive.google.com\/file\/d\/1c917fMQ1-8R-U66SqqPclsiyGM33ErVL\/view?usp=drive_link<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Descri\u00e7\u00e3o e relev\u00e2ncia para os CLTs:<\/strong> A viabilidade da implementa\u00e7\u00e3o de Community Land Trusts (CLTs) ou Community Land Reserves (CLRs) na \u00cdndia \u00e9 substancialmente apoiada e se baseia na estrutura existente das leis de cooperativas em n\u00edvel estadual, especificamente com base nos princ\u00edpios incorporados na Lei das Sociedades Cooperativas de Maharashtra de 1960 (a Lei) e nas Regras de 1961 que a acompanham (as Regras). A relev\u00e2ncia dessas leis est\u00e1 em sua capacidade de acomodar os requisitos legais fundamentais do modelo CLT, especialmente no que diz respeito \u00e0 propriedade coletiva perp\u00e9tua da terra e \u00e0 aplica\u00e7\u00e3o de restri\u00e7\u00f5es de acessibilidade. <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A relev\u00e2ncia fundamental \u00e9 estabelecida pela classifica\u00e7\u00e3o de um poss\u00edvel CLT\/CLR como uma Tenant Ownership Housing Society (TOHS) nos termos da Lei. A Regra 10(1) e a Regra 4(e)(vii)(a) classificam explicitamente e fornecem taxas de registro para as Sociedades Habitacionais, incluindo as Tenant Ownership Housing Societies, que s\u00e3o definidas como sociedades em que a terra \u00e9 mantida em regime de arrendamento ou de propriedade livre pela Sociedade, enquanto as casas s\u00e3o de propriedade dos membros. Esse arranjo \u00e9 fundamental, pois reconhece e institucionaliza explicitamente a estrutura de propriedade dupla essencial para uma CLT: a cooperativa mant\u00e9m o aspecto de terra comum por possuir a propriedade subjacente, enquanto os membros adquirem interesse legal e propriedade da estrutura habitacional constru\u00edda sobre ela.  <\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Para garantir a perman\u00eancia e o benef\u00edcio p\u00fablico essenciais \u00e0 miss\u00e3o da CLT, a estrutura cooperativa permite a personaliza\u00e7\u00e3o de seu objetivo e dos crit\u00e9rios de associa\u00e7\u00e3o por meio de seus estatutos. O Registrador tem autoridade para exigir que uma sociedade elabore estatutos relativos &#8220;aos objetos da sociedade&#8221; e &#8220;aos termos e qualifica\u00e7\u00f5es para admiss\u00e3o de membros&#8221;. Esse poder regulat\u00f3rio permite a incorpora\u00e7\u00e3o das principais caracter\u00edsticas da CLT diretamente nos documentos constitutivos da cooperativa. Por exemplo, os estatutos podem determinar o objetivo principal de fornecer moradias permanentemente acess\u00edveis e instituir crit\u00e9rios de elegibilidade com base na renda para associa\u00e7\u00e3o. Al\u00e9m disso, os poderes do Registrador para aprovar ou modificar os estatutos garantem que medidas como a F\u00f3rmula de Valoriza\u00e7\u00e3o Limitada sejam legalmente vinculadas, restringindo, assim, o pre\u00e7o de revenda das unidades habitacionais para preservar a acessibilidade para futuros compradores de baixa renda.    <\/p>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n<\/div><\/div><\/div>\n\n<p><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>O International Center for Community Land Trusts (ICCLT) tem o prazer de anunciar o lan\u00e7amento do documento de trabalho &#8220;CLTs para a \u00cdndia? Uma explora\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo de fideicomisso comunit\u00e1rio [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":3142,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"give_campaign_id":0,"_tec_requires_first_save":true,"_kad_blocks_custom_css":"","_kad_blocks_head_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_body_custom_js":"","_kad_blocks_footer_custom_js":"","_EventAllDay":false,"_EventTimezone":"","_EventStartDate":"","_EventEndDate":"","_EventStartDateUTC":"","_EventEndDateUTC":"","_EventShowMap":false,"_EventShowMapLink":false,"_EventURL":"","_EventCost":"","_EventCostDescription":"","_EventCurrencySymbol":"","_EventCurrencyCode":"","_EventCurrencyPosition":"","_EventDateTimeSeparator":"","_EventTimeRangeSeparator":"","_EventOrganizerID":[],"_EventVenueID":[],"_OrganizerEmail":"","_OrganizerPhone":"","_OrganizerWebsite":"","_VenueAddress":"","_VenueCity":"","_VenueCountry":"","_VenueProvince":"","_VenueState":"","_VenueZip":"","_VenuePhone":"","_VenueURL":"","_VenueStateProvince":"","_VenueLat":"","_VenueLng":"","_VenueShowMap":false,"_VenueShowMapLink":false,"_tribe_blocks_recurrence_rules":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_description":"","_tribe_blocks_recurrence_exclusions":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[157],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-10150","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry","category-sul-global"],"blocksy_meta":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v27.4 (Yoast SEO v27.5) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00cdndia - International Center for Community Land Trusts<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"pt_BR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00cdndia\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"O International Center for Community Land Trusts (ICCLT) tem o prazer de anunciar o lan\u00e7amento do documento de trabalho &#8220;CLTs para a \u00cdndia? Uma explora\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo de fideicomisso comunit\u00e1rio [&hellip;]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"International Center for Community Land Trusts\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cltcenter\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2025-10-27T20:25:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"640\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"854\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/png\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@Center4CLTs\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. tempo de leitura\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"28 minutos\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/\",\"name\":\"\u00cdndia - International Center for Community Land Trusts\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png\",\"datePublished\":\"2025-10-26T17:01:14+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2025-10-27T20:25:27+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/10\\\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png\"},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/india\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Biblioteca de recursos\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Sul Global\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/biblioteca-de-recursos\\\/sul-global\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"\u00cdndia\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/\",\"name\":\"International Center for Community Land Trusts\",\"description\":\"\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"International Center for Community Land Trusts\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"pt-BR\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/11\\\/New-CLT-Center-Text-logo.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2024\\\/11\\\/New-CLT-Center-Text-logo.png\",\"width\":227,\"height\":80,\"caption\":\"International Center for Community Land Trusts\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cltweb.org\\\/pt-br\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/cltcenter\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/Center4CLTs\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/cltcenter\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/company\\\/cltcenter\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.youtube.com\\\/@centerforcltinnovation5313\"],\"description\":\"The International Center for Community Land Trusts is a not-for-profit nongovernmental organization established in 2018 to promote and to support community land trusts and similar strategies of community-led development on community-owned land in countries throughout the world.\",\"email\":\"info@communitylandtrust.net\",\"legalName\":\"International Center for Community Land Trusts\",\"foundingDate\":\"2018-12-01\",\"taxID\":\"84-3858933\",\"numberOfEmployees\":{\"@type\":\"QuantitativeValue\",\"minValue\":\"1\",\"maxValue\":\"10\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO Premium plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"\u00cdndia - International Center for Community Land Trusts","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/","og_locale":"pt_BR","og_type":"article","og_title":"\u00cdndia","og_description":"O International Center for Community Land Trusts (ICCLT) tem o prazer de anunciar o lan\u00e7amento do documento de trabalho &#8220;CLTs para a \u00cdndia? Uma explora\u00e7\u00e3o do modelo de fideicomisso comunit\u00e1rio [&hellip;]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/","og_site_name":"International Center for Community Land Trusts","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cltcenter","article_modified_time":"2025-10-27T20:25:27+00:00","og_image":[{"width":640,"height":854,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png","type":"image\/png"}],"twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_site":"@Center4CLTs","twitter_misc":{"Est. tempo de leitura":"28 minutos"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/","name":"\u00cdndia - International Center for Community Land Trusts","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png","datePublished":"2025-10-26T17:01:14+00:00","dateModified":"2025-10-27T20:25:27+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"pt-BR","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/10\/CLTs-for-India-cover.png"},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/india\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Biblioteca de recursos","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Sul Global","item":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"\u00cdndia"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/","name":"International Center for Community Land Trusts","description":"","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"pt-BR"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/#organization","name":"International Center for Community Land Trusts","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"pt-BR","@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/New-CLT-Center-Text-logo.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/New-CLT-Center-Text-logo.png","width":227,"height":80,"caption":"International Center for Community Land Trusts"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cltcenter","https:\/\/x.com\/Center4CLTs","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/cltcenter\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/company\/cltcenter","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@centerforcltinnovation5313"],"description":"The International Center for Community Land Trusts is a not-for-profit nongovernmental organization established in 2018 to promote and to support community land trusts and similar strategies of community-led development on community-owned land in countries throughout the world.","email":"info@communitylandtrust.net","legalName":"International Center for Community Land Trusts","foundingDate":"2018-12-01","taxID":"84-3858933","numberOfEmployees":{"@type":"QuantitativeValue","minValue":"1","maxValue":"10"}}]}},"campaignId":"","taxonomy_info":{"category":[{"value":157,"label":"Sul Global"}]},"featured_image_src_large":false,"author_info":{"display_name":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","author_link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/author\/cltredesign_0jp0l4\/"},"comment_info":0,"jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":3142,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/","url_meta":{"origin":10150,"position":0},"title":"Sul Global","author":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","date":"4 de outubro de 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Fundos de Terras Comunit\u00e1rios no Sul Global Gra\u00e7as ao trabalho pioneiro do Tanzania-Bondeni Community Land Trust, no Qu\u00eania, do Fideicomiso de la Tierra del Ca\u00f1o Mart\u00edn Pe\u00f1a, em Porto Rico, e das Comunidades Catalisadoras, no Brasil, h\u00e1 um grande potencial para a expans\u00e3o dos fundos fiduci\u00e1rios comunit\u00e1rios de terras no\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Biblioteca de recursos&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Biblioteca de recursos","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/category\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":818,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/o-que-os-clts-fazem\/sul-global\/","url_meta":{"origin":10150,"position":1},"title":"Sul Global","author":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","date":"26 de julho de 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;O que os CLTs fazem&quot;","block_context":{"text":"O que os CLTs fazem","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/category\/o-que-os-clts-fazem\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":3716,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/sul-global\/africa\/","url_meta":{"origin":10150,"position":2},"title":"\u00c1frica","author":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","date":"19 de outubro de 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Qu\u00eania e \u00c1frica do SulOs Community Land Trusts surgiram pela primeira vez no Sul Global em Voi, no Qu\u00eania, com o Tanzania-Bondeni Community Land Trust. E h\u00e1 um interesse emergente em aplicar o modelo CLT tamb\u00e9m na \u00c1frica do Sul. Qu\u00eania Artigos Ingl\u00eas Semeando o CLT na \u00c1frica: Lessons from\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Sul Global&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Sul Global","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/category\/sul-global\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":1584,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/terra-nostra-press\/catalogo\/fundos-de-terras-comunitarios-e-assentamentos-informais-no-sul-global\/","url_meta":{"origin":10150,"position":3},"title":"Fundos de Terras Comunit\u00e1rios e Assentamentos Informais no Sul Global","author":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","date":"29 de julho de 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Dispon\u00edvel agora em todo o mundo, 158 pp.PAPERBACK ISBN 9781736275917 $15.00 USEBOOK ISBN 9781736275924 $5.00 US Voc\u00ea pode obter descontos para pedidos em massa para ONGs. Para obter mais informa\u00e7\u00f5es e fazer seu pedido, acesse nossa p\u00e1gina de pedidos em massa. Community Land Trusts and Informal Settlements in the Global\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Cat\u00e1logo&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Cat\u00e1logo","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/category\/catalogo\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Global South Book Cover","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Global-South-Cover.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Global-South-Cover.jpg?resize=350%2C200&ssl=1 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Global-South-Cover.jpg?resize=525%2C300&ssl=1 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Global-South-Cover.jpg?resize=700%2C400&ssl=1 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Global-South-Cover.jpg?resize=1050%2C600&ssl=1 3x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.cltweb.org\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/Global-South-Cover.jpg?resize=1400%2C800&ssl=1 4x"},"classes":[]},{"id":775,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/programas-e-projetos\/iniciativa-clt-do-sul-global\/","url_meta":{"origin":10150,"position":4},"title":"Iniciativa do Fundo Comunit\u00e1rio de Terras do Sul Global","author":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","date":"26 de julho de 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Promo\u00e7\u00e3o do direito \u00e0 moradia e da propriedade comunit\u00e1ria no Sul Global Vis\u00e3o geral Terra e moradia seguras s\u00e3o um direito humano - e uma luta global. Na \u00c1frica, na \u00c1sia, na Am\u00e9rica Latina e no Caribe, as comunidades est\u00e3o criando movimentos poderosos para promover o direito \u00e0 moradia, recuperar\u2026","rel":"","context":"Em &quot;Programas e projetos&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Programas e projetos","link":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/category\/programas-e-projetos\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]},{"id":8092,"url":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/biblioteca-de-recursos\/modelo-de-subsecao-de-recursos\/","url_meta":{"origin":10150,"position":5},"title":"Rede Global CLT","author":"cltredesign_0jp0l4","date":"28 de dezembro de 2024","format":false,"excerpt":"Rede Global CLT Existem 616 CLTs em 13 pa\u00edses. Confira o mapa global, nossa listagem de redes CLT e uma se\u00e7\u00e3o dedicada aos CLTs no Sul Global.","rel":"","context":"Post similar","block_context":{"text":"Post similar","link":""},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"","width":0,"height":0},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10150","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=10150"}],"version-history":[{"count":40,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10150\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":10365,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/10150\/revisions\/10365"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/3142"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=10150"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=10150"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cltweb.org\/pt-br\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=10150"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}